Since the start of the civil war in Syria 13 years ago, the political and military situation in the country has gradually worsened. Conflicts between the Bashar Al-Assad regime and opposition groups have led to strategic shifts in power, with the fighting spreading to strategic areas such as Aleppo, Hama, and Deir ez-Zor. Also, trilateral talks led by Russia, Turkey, and Iran have been tried many times to resolve the tensions, but a lasting solution has not yet been achieved.
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Opposition groups captured Aleppo and Hama
Last week, opposition groups against Bashar Al-Assad took control of the main city in northern Syria, Aleppo. Since being on the front lines in the cold winter, the opposition has moved to the far south, taking over central cities like Hama, a strategic area.
The capture of these important cities represents a major setback for the government of Bashar Al-Assad, which led to the withdrawal of its forces from key areas. The Syrian army has moved quickly to the west to strengthen its defenses in Damascus, while the opposition groups that are strong in the north have strengthened their presence in the provinces of Aleppo and Idlib.
Trilateral talks between Russia, Turkey, and Iran
Russia, Turkey, and Iran have long been at the forefront of negotiations to find a political solution to Syria. Turkey, a member of NATO, supports the opposition, while Russia and Iran are fully on the side of Bashar al-Assad.
Doha Forum Meeting
According to the Syrian news agency, the foreign ministers of the three countries met in Doha on Saturday, focusing on the Astana framework for a solution to the renewed conflict. Turkey called on Bashar Al-Assad to work with the Syrian people to find a peaceful solution, while he also denied any involvement in the opposition's operations.
The PKK-YPG Group and Deir ez-Zor Transfer
The province of Deir ez-Zor, located in eastern Syria near the Iraqi border, has become a strategic location. The PKK-YPG, which is backed by the US, took control of the city after Syrian forces withdrew from several key villages. The towns they seized included Murray, Hasham, and Mazlum.
Pro-Iranian groups now control important areas from the center of Deir ez-Zor to the Al-Bukamal district near the Syrian-Iraqi border. On the other hand, the PKK-YPG control most of the territory east of the Euphrates River, which has heightened the strategic conflict in the region.
Israeli Strikes and Houthi Threat
The Israeli military said on Saturday it had intercepted a missile launched from Yemen, which was intended to reach Israeli airspace. Yemeni Houthis have been targeting Israeli ships in the Red Sea with missiles and drones since November.
Houthis Show Support for Gaza
The Houthis say their attacks are in support of Gaza, where Israel is committing genocide. Since the start of the Gaza war in October 2023, more than 44,600 people have been killed, most of them women and children.
International Court and Netanyahu Trial
Last month, the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and former Defense Minister Yoav Gallant, on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity in Gaza. Also, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) is conducting another case accusing Israel of genocide against the people of Gaza.
The conflict in Syria is going through a complex phase of internal conflict, external intervention, and strategic disagreements. As opposition groups continue their fight against Bashar Al-Assad, the support of allies Iran and Russia is critical to saving his regime. Meanwhile, the situation in the region has a major impact on global politics as a whole, with the conflicts in Yemen and Gaza fueling tensions. A solution to the Syrian conflict requires international consensus and comprehensive internal reconciliation.
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